As long as all the Google Webmaster’s Guidelines are followed, you can make multiple domains on the same domain or a country exclusive domain. Everything depends on the requirements and resources of your business.
The most efficient practices are to build country specific domains hosted in that country with targeted local directors and subdomains for respective languages of the same country. Again, everything depends on the resources of your company as country specific domains are expensive and require more supportive framework.
An easier alternative is to host multiple language websites under the same domain. The setup procedure is easy and Geo-tagging is also easy with Google Webmaster’s Tools. This is also an effective process; everything depends on the resources of your company.